Formative assessment is squishy. And squishy things don’t easily yield to standardized measurement. And that creates an awkward situation in an era of numbers-driven accountability. That squishiness ...

Corrected: An earlier version of this study incorrectly described the 1998 study by Paul Black and Dylan Wiliam. It is a literature review. If you ask five teachers what formative assessment is, ...

To start, a question: What’s the difference between formative assessment and summative assessment? It’s not enough to say merely that formative assessment is a measure of student achievement ...

The accelerated digitization of today’s classroom impacts every aspect of instruction–from attendance to summative assessment and everything in between. As educators have shifted to the hybrid ...

When designing formative assessments, instructors need to think about aligning the assessed knowledge and skills, as well the assessment format itself, with desired learning outcomes and with the ...

This pedagogical Catch-22 might explain the relatively slow evolution of tech tools in this category. Even as online learning environments and instructional systems add increasingly sophisticated ...

There are countless ways to assess students. Speaking broadly, two key assessment categories are “summative” and “formative”. Summative assessment, often the most popular one, aims to measure how much ...

Formative assessments are crafted or planned to meet students at their current achievement level, pinpointing the specific areas of need with subject-specific skills, concepts, and learning objectives ...

Feedback from teachers to their students boosts their motivation to improve on their learning strategies. In addition, when ...

Tests are king in many school systems and other educational environments: they are seen as an efficient way to assess what knowledge students have retained, and how well they do on a level playing ...