Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. An award-winning reporter writing about stargazing and the night sky. Human civilization has achieved some incredible things ...

The Kardashev scale is based on how much energy a civilization uses. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works. What might we find: little ...

Let’s be honest, we have our fair share of problems on planet Earth: war, floods, disease, poverty, and environmental destruction (the list goes on and on, really). But we also have a lot of things ...

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To measure the level of a civilization’s advancement, the Kardashev scale focuses on the amount of energy that a civilization is able to harness. Obviously, the amount of power available to a ...

Hongying Chen is on a mission to find the most technologically advanced aliens out there. “Kardashev Type III civilization (K3) is a kind of very advanced civilization that is capable of fueling the ...

Michael Shermer is an adjunct professor in the School of Politics and Economics at Claremont Graduate University, the publisher of Skeptic magazine and a monthly columnist for Scientific American. His ...