IntroductionIn February 2022, BlackBasta emerged as a successor to Conti ransomware and quickly rose to prominence. BlackBasta was operational for three years until February 2025 when their internal ...

Birthday attacks exploit the collision probability of hash functions. Collision resistance requires sufficiently large hash outputs. Modern blockchains use 256-bit hashes to mitigate collision risks.

Cryptography secures communication in banking, messaging, and blockchain. Good algorithms (AES, RSA, ECC, SHA-2/3, ChaCha20) are secure, efficient, and widely trusted. Bad algorithms (DES, MD5, SHA-1, ...

Non-cryptographic hashing algorithms like xxHash, Murmur, CityHash, or FarmHash could be a better pick because they are at least a magnitude faster than cryptographic hashing algorithms. They are ...

a Python command-line tool that identifies and groups similar images using average hashing. It supports single-level and recursive directory scanning, adjustable similarity threshold, and presents ...

ABSTRACT: When developing programs or websites, it is very convenient to use relational databases, which contain powerful and convenient tools that allow to work with data very flexibly and get the ...

Abstract: To verify the integrity and confidentiality of data communicated through the web is a very big issue worldwide because every person wants very fast computing and secure electronic data ...

Abstract: Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) is the most popular standard of Cryptographic Hash functions. Several security protocols use SHA to provide message integrity, authentication and digital ...