Imagine taking an orange, cutting it into five distinct pieces, and then rearranging those pieces to create two brand new oranges—each exactly the same size as the original. This sounds like magic, but in the world of mathematics, it is a proven theorem. This is the Banach-Tarski Paradox. Proved in 1924 by Stefan Banach and Alfred Tarski, this theorem states that a solid ball in 3-dimensional space can be decomposed into a finite number of non-overlapping pieces, which can then be put back toget